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What TV doesn't, print can't; we deliver.
NEW DELHI: India has reaffirmed its commitment to conserving its rich biodiversity through a robust legal framework that governs the protection and management of forests and wildlife. Key legislations such as the Indian Forest Act of 1927, the Wildlife Act of 1972, and the Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam of 1980, form the backbone of this framework. State Governments and Union Territory Administrations are primarily responsible for implementing these laws, ensuring the sustainable use of forest resources and wildlife conservation.
The Indian Forest Act of 1927 provides guidelines for establishing reserved, protected, and village forests, laying the groundwork for forest management. The Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972 focuses on conserving wildlife and their habitats, prohibiting hunting and poaching, and establishing protected areas for endangered species. The Van (Sanrakshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam of 1980 balancing development with ecological integrity to mandate minimal tree felling during developmental projects and emphasizes compensatory plantation.
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Forest fires pose a significant threat to India’s forests and to address this, the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change formulated the National Action Plan on Forest Fire in 2018. This plan outlines comprehensive measures to prevent forest fires and enhance forest resilience and also includes capacity-building initiatives for local communities which encourage their participation in fire prevention and control efforts. The Ministry also issued advisories to all States and Union Territories for better management of human-animal conflicts, recommending coordinated actions, identification of conflict hotspots, and establishment of rapid response teams.
The National Forest Policy of 1988 emphasizes community involvement in forest management. Joint Forest Management (JFM) Committees empower residents to participate in forest conservation decisions which are formed in various States and Union Territories. These committees manage forests, conduct afforestation activities, and protect wildlife. The establishment of Eco Development Committees (EDCs) further enhances community participation in managing protected areas.
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The Ministry supports various Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSSs) aimed at conserving forests and wildlife including the Green India Mission, Project Elephant, and Project Tiger. These programs provide financial assistance and technical support to States and Union Territories for implementing conservation activities. The Forest Survey of India (FSI) monitors forest cover through biennial assessments with the latest reports indicating an increase in forest cover.
The government also launched the “Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam” campaign to encourage tree planting, emphasizing the connection between nurturing nature and human life. This initiative aims to foster a culture of environmental stewardship among citizens.
By adhering to these legal frameworks and initiatives, India aims to preserve its biodiversity and maintain ecological balance, ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
