Pakistan’s recent bid to join the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) grouping raises concerns that go beyond mere expansion. While the BRICS nations have shown openness to widening their membership, Pakistan’s inclusion could prove detrimental for three compelling reasons.
Firstly, the economic dynamics within BRICS, a coalition that already challenges the G7 in terms of economic influence, could be disrupted. With China, India, Russia, and Brazil occupying significant positions in the world’s top economies, the group collectively represents 31.5% of global GDP. Adding Pakistan, whose economic standing is limited, might dilute the group’s strength and introduce a liability. Furthermore, the existing BRICS members are also part of the G20, and any move to integrate Pakistan might lead to conflicts of interest with the G7, affecting international economic stability.
The second concern revolves around the potential ‘SAARC-isation’ of BRICS. The inclusion of Pakistan may trigger conflicts with India, leading to a paralyzed group unable to make significant decisions. This internal strife could render BRICS ineffective in addressing global challenges and hinder its ability to function as a united front.
Thirdly, Pakistan’s lack of concrete foreign policy objectives poses a significant risk. The country’s reputation as a rentier state, seeking economic and geopolitical favours without contributing substantially to the global economy, raises doubts about its ability to align with BRICS’ goals. Allowing Pakistan access to the New Development Bank and the Contingent Reserve Arrangement, valued at over USD 100 billion, could potentially strain BRICS resources without tangible benefits.
Also, while BRICS acknowledges the need for expansion, the inclusion of Pakistan poses substantial risks to the group’s economic strength, internal cohesion, and overall effectiveness. Pakistan has been reprimanded by the international community for state sponsorship of terrorism. In fact, Pakistan was on the grey list of FATF for several years for funding terrorism and is still under the Indian scanner for funding terrorism against India. The fear of dilution of influence, internal conflicts reminiscent of SAARC, and uncertainties surrounding Pakistan’s foreign policy objectives collectively argue against its membership in BRICS. The group must carefully weigh the potential consequences of approving its application that may compromise its standing on the global stage.