NEW DELHI: India has reportedly conducted a test of the K-4 submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) from its newly-inducted nuclear-powered submarine, INS Arighaat. The test was conducted on Wednesday, November 27, in the Bay of Bengal. If confirmed, this would be the first instance of the K-4 missile being tested from a submarine. The missile has a range of approximately 3,500 kilometres and is nuclear-capable.
Previously, the K-4 or Kalam 4 missile had only been tested from submersible pontoons. The INS Arighaat, commissioned on August 29, 2024, is the second Arihant-class submarine to enter service in the Indian Navy. It complements its predecessor, INS Arihant, which carries K-15 missiles with a range of 750 kilometres. Arighaat’s arsenal includes the K-4 missile, enhancing India’s nuclear reach and naval strength.
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The K-4 missile is a solid-fueled SLBM developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). It is designed to be launched from underwater platforms. The missile measures approximately 12 meters in length and is capable of carrying a 2,500 kg nuclear warhead.
India is also building two additional Arihant-class submarines and developing advanced versions of the K-series missiles with extended ranges.
India issued a public area warning and NOTAM (Notice to Airmen) ahead of testing an intermediate-range missile in the Bay of Bengal, scheduled between November 27 and 30. If successful, the K-4 test will significantly bolster India’s nuclear triad, which comprises the capability to launch nuclear weapons from land, air, and sea. Submarine-launched ballistic missiles are considered a critical component due to their survivability and stealth, as they are challenging to detect and destroy compared to land-based systems.
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While the reported test highlights a potential milestone, no official confirmation has been made about the test or its outcome. However, if verified, this would mark a significant leap in India’s strategic deterrence capabilities, especially in the Indo-Pacific region.
India’s efforts to strengthen its nuclear-powered submarine fleet and missile technology underscore its commitment to maintaining robust defence preparedness amid evolving geopolitical dynamics.