NEW DELHI: Pakistan’s AMAN 2025 naval exercise, featuring over 50 nations, was promoted as a symbol of global maritime cooperation. Yet, beneath the surface, it signals China’s deepening military influence in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), with Pakistan playing a key role in Beijing’s ambitions.
China’s People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) made a strong statement with its advanced fleet, including the Baotou destroyer and Gaoyouhu supply ship. While officially about international security, the drill reinforced China’s presence in the Arabian Sea under the guise of cooperation. With Pakistan increasingly dependent on Chinese defense support, AMAN has become a platform for China’s naval dominance.
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Pakistan’s military leaders openly embraced China’s participation. With its navy relying on Chinese-built frigates and submarines, and its Western alliances fading, Pakistan has cemented its security partnership with Beijing. Rather than true multilateralism, AMAN 2025 highlighted the deepening strategic ties between the two nations.
Impact on the U.S. and India
For the U.S., AMAN 2025 presents a dilemma—participating in an exercise that indirectly bolsters China’s regional presence. For India, the stakes are higher, as Beijing’s growing naval reach challenges its maritime influence. Bangladesh’s participation, backed by Chinese military ties, adds to concerns of Beijing’s expanding footprint in South Asian waters.
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From military bases in Djibouti to control over key ports like Hambantota and Gwadar, China is steadily securing its hold in the IOR. AMAN 2025 offered Beijing an opportunity to fine-tune its naval logistics and intelligence-sharing with Pakistan. Reports of Chinese submarines in the Indian Ocean further underscore Beijing’s push for dominance.
The Takeaway
AMAN 2025 wasn’t just about maritime security—it was a showcase of China’s tightening grip on the Indian Ocean. As Beijing strengthens its foothold with Pakistan’s backing, India, the U.S., and regional players must recognize the shifting balance of power and respond accordingly.
